The present is going through the fourth industrial revolution. All countries, whether developed or developing, are working on their own in these specific areas which are important milestones for their socio-economic development. In this regard, there is a lot of research and development in the field of medicine.
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| Progress in the treatment of AIDS and cancer. |
Advances in cancer treatment.
According to a study, 8 million people die of cancer every year, the main problem with this disease is that it is identified when it has grown significantly. In lung cancer, a tumor appears when it is about the size of a cricket ball, so 90% of lung cancer patients die within five years of being diagnosed. Early cancer can be difficult to detect with minimal health screening, which can make early diagnosis so complicated that it can be difficult to treat (Nottingham (UK and Kansas). After 51 years of research, scientists and doctors have developed a simple blood test to diagnose cancer, which is considered an important milestone in the diagnosis of the disease.
This new technology involves detecting the first molecular sign of cancer. When cancer cells begin to form, specific proteins (antigens) are produced that stimulate the body's immune system and cause the formation of antibodies. Respond via Prepared blood tests will detect this activity and help scientists identify the exact antigens and associated antibodies, which can help identify the type of cancerous tumor that is forming. This can be done with just 10 mL of the patient's blood that will be included in the routine test to detect the cancer early, which is usually a treatable stage.
Estimating the spread of cancer.
One of the most important issues for surgeons when operating on cancer patients is to make sure the tumor is completely removed. The success of this operation depends on the life and death of the patient. Dr. Roha Sen, who works at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues have been able to attach proteins to cancer cells that, when exposed to certain techniques, glow, resulting in cancer. It is easier to detect cells that would not have been possible otherwise. These markers can be used to detect and remove 90 per cent of cancer cells. This experiment has significantly increased the life expectancy of cancer patients. It is hoped that this technology will soon be available for human use.
Gene therapy for color blindness.
With the unraveling of the mystery of the human genome, there are opportunities to eliminate genetic defects. This problem is usually caused by a mutation in a gene. As a result, the pigments that absorb the light on the cornea become inactive. If red photo pigments are absent, red and green objects will appear in different shades of gray. This defect has also been found in some species of monkeys. A team of Jay and Maureen Neitz, working at the University of Washington's Eye Institute, have discovered that this defect can be treated with gene therapy.
Adult monkeys suffering from color blindness can be treated with defect-free gene therapy. Adult monkeys suffering from color blindness were injected with the defect-free gene. The monkeys were then trained to recognize colors on a computer screen. Initially, color-blind monkeys were able to identify yellow and blue spots, but had difficulty recognizing red and green spots. After five months of gene therapy, they were able to identify red and green spots. I succeeded.
… Gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
Some diseases are caused by a defect in the gene. Gene therapy involves inserting or modifying genes into a person's cells or tissues and treating the disease. Currently, there have been limited successes in this process. Scientists working at the Feinstein Institute of Pharmaceutical Research in Manhasset, New York, have discovered that gene therapy can treat Parkinson's patients. Parkinson's is actually a neurodegenerative disorder.
Which causes tremors, muscle stiffness, staggering gait and imbalance. This condition is caused by a lack of a chemical in the brain (GABA). Scientists have injected a virus into the brains of these patients that could increase GABA levels. Experimentally, there has been a significant change in the condition of these patients. Scientists working in the Department of Gene Therapy at Imperial College London, led by Gene Therapy Professor Nicholas Mazarakis, have developed a variety of gene therapy methods for various neurological disorders. Used to treat
The fight against HIV;
AIDS is still the biggest killer in Africa. Two million people were infected with the deadly virus here in 2007. However, the cure for AIDS has almost been discovered. Gene therapy is used to treat leukemia and AIDS in Germany. A Bone Marrow Transplant: A Bone Marrow Transplant The cells also changed. However, replacing bone marrow is not so easy.
Also, this treatment is very expensive and difficult. The American company Sangamo Biosciences is developing a gene therapy method, in which bone marrow transplantation will be based on a bone marrow transplant. The effects will be the same as for bone marrow transplantation. If this procedure is successful, just one stroke of gene therapy will completely eradicate this deadly virus. The method currently being used based on this concept is Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART). However, these drugs can be used only once in a lifetime and are also very expensive.
Nanoparticles for TB detection.
The traditional method of diagnosing TB involves the growth of a bacterial population that takes about two weeks. A test has now been developed to identify TB, using magnetic nanoparticles to identify the germs within 30 minutes. Nanoparticle-like antibodies will be coated that will attach to the bacteria that cause TB and can be seen through a magnetic scanner, a task recently performed by scientists at Howard Medical School and hopefully. It is expected that this deadly disease will be identified quickly.
DNA testing; in a few hours.
Since the first half of the last century, fingerprints have been used to identify criminals. DNA testing has been the way to go. It takes two weeks for samples to be taken to a laboratory and the identification process to be completed. Most genetic tests take 24 to 48 hours.
Therefore, by the time the test results come out, the matter has reached somewhere else. Therefore, the need for DNA tests to be performed at a faster pace is being felt acutely. The University of Kansas in Arizona has teamed up with the UK's Forensic Science Service to develop a new chip that produces results within 4 hours. Efforts are being made to further improve the technology and increase test time. Should be reduced to 2 hours. The technology will soon be offered on a commercial scale. This is an important discovery in the field of forensic science or criminology.
Germs are winning the war.
Disease-causing microorganisms have built up mechanisms to keep themselves alive through genetic mutations and other means. That's why these germs survive by resisting antibiotic ticks, so scientists are constantly developing new antibiotic drugs. They're still in hospital wards because of the microorganism-resistant germs (strains). Infections are considered the biggest risk and many deaths occur due to hospital treatment.
The problem is exacerbated by the high cost of developing new drugs, which can cost up to ارب 1 billion and can lead to a complete deficit. This is because the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will reject the drug if it has side effects before it is commercially available. Most pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to invest in research into new drugs that are resistant to antibiotics because it is not economically viable. So we're running with disease-resistant germs. As a result, there is a risk of further production of disease-resistant strains, and millions of deaths could occur due to the lack of effective antibiotics.
An important step in this regard is plant extract which exhibits antibiotic activity against resistant strains. This work has been done in Pakistan. As a result of these efforts, important compounds have been discovered from trees. It seems that we have to go back to nature once again. Human life and survival on this planet depend on biodiversity and the chemical diversity associated with it, because nature has endowed us with a treasure in the form of plants and flora.